工程硕士GCT考试英语第5讲：名词性从句

名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句。

★ that　的省略问题：

在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时that都不能省略，引导宾语从句时that能省略。

一、主语从句 Subject Clause

（1）主句单复数问题

如：What we need is more money．

What we need are more experienced teachers.

（2）形式主语 Form Subject it

1．It is+adj．Ved／noun+that 结构

如：That the earth is round is true／a fact．

It is true／a fact that the earth is round．

2．It+Link V+that 结构 seem，appear, follow, turn out，come out

如：It seems that you know a lot about computer．

It happened that I was not there that day．碰巧，恰好

He drives a BMW．It follows that he is rich．因此

二、表语从句 Predicative Clause

Reason 的用法：

如：The reason why／that he is late is that he met an accident.

Reason 作主语的表语从句后面连接词只能用 that．

练习：

The reason _________ I’m writing is to tell you about my examination results.

A. because    B. as      C. why     D. for

三、宾语从句 Object Clause

（1）介宾

1．that 常只作如下介词宾语

in that 表原因，意为“在于”

如：Men differ from brutes in that they can speak and think．

练习：

Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.

A. in that              B. in which

C. in order that        D. on the way

except／save／besides／beyond that，意为“除了”

but that 要用虚拟，意为“要不是”。

2．V+prep+it+that 句型

如：I’ll see to it that everything is ready on time．

See to it that=make sure that

You may depend on it that they will support you．

（2）形式宾语 Form Object it

1．V+it+adj／Ved／noun+that 句型

如：I consider it true that the sun rises in the east．

We heard it said that she had gone abroad．

2．惯用型

①owe it to sb．that

如：We owe it to Chairman Mao that we are leading a happy life now．

②take it for granted that=assume sth．to be true

如：I take it for granted that you have read this book．

③make it clear that

如：Mary made it clear that she was unwilling to marry Tom．

（3）否定转移

如：I don’t think she is a good student．

四、同位语从句 Appositive Clause

常见的抽象名词有 news，fact，belief, suggestion，idea，willingness，saying，evidence，assumption 等其后常跟that引导的同位语从句

如：I do not like the idea that money is everything／all-powerful．

与定语从句的区别：

that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别

从that的词性来区别：

引导定语从句 that 是关系代词，在从句中必须充当成分，作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。引导同位语从句的that是连词，在句子中不作任何成分，从句是一句完整的话。

如：He told me the news that he had just joined the Party．

同位语从句，that 在从句中不作成分，不可省略。

He told me the news that he had just read about in the newspaper．

定语从句，that 在从句中作宾语，可省略。

五、引导词

（1）从属连词 Subordinate Conjunction

Doubt 后宾从的引导词

肯定句：由whether／if引导、

如：I doubt if／whether it is true．

否定句／疑问句：由that引导、

如：I do not doubt that our team will win．

（2）连接代词 Conjunctive Pronoun

what，which，who，whom、whose，whatever、

（3）连接副词 Conjunctive Adverb

why、where、when、how

练习：

I don’t care __________.

A. if or not he will win             B. whether or if he will win

C. whether he will not win          D. whether he will win or lose